Regulation of Carbohydrate Metabolism Problem Set

Question 1: Liver Enzymes Affected by Insulin

Insulin facilitates energy storage in liver. Which enzymes of carbohydrate metabolism are coordinately regulated in liver in response to insulin signaling?

1. Glycogen synthase

2. Glycogen phosphorylase

3. Phosphofructokinase-1 (PFK-1)

4. Phosphofructokinase-2 (PFK-2)

5. Pyruvate kinase

   Yes, all of these enzymes are affected by insulin action. Regulation of all five enzymes can be logically explained as promoting glucose utilization and storage, either in the form of glycogen (liver), fatty acids (adipose tissue) or cholesterol (liver and other peripheral tissues). Intuitively, these processes seem appropriate during times of insulin secretion (i.e., high blood glucose).

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